This subject addresses the balance of visas in the Australian immigration system, including those related to bringing family to Australia, former resident and resident return visas, humanitarian program (onshore and offshore), bridging visas and other miscellaneous visas (Act-based visas and resolution of status visas). This subject also addresses the regime for review of immigration decisions, including informal review, merits review and judicial review. This subject provides an overview of ministerial intervention and cancellation powers under Australian immigration law. This subject also provides a brief overview of Australian citizenship laws.